Triphala

  1. Shivaprasad B M, Patil P, Nair SK, Singh N, Shivan S, Sameera U.Triphala: A phytomedicine for local drug delivery – A strategicintervention.AYU 2019;40:53-57
  2. Dhopte, Ashwini, Stuti Shukla, Laxmikant Kashyap, Tarun Bhatnagar, Ayush Satapathy, and Hiroj Bagde. “Phytomedicine and Its Indispensable Role in Plaque Induced Diseases.” Annals of R.S.C.B., vol. 25, no. 4, 2021, pp. 4213-4224
  3. Desai, Anupama, M. Anil, and Surangama Debnath. “A Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Effects of Triphala as a Mouthwash in Comparison with Chlorhexidine in Chronic Generalized Periodontitis Patients.” Indian Journal of Dental Advancements, vol. 2, no. 3, July-September 2010, National Academy of Dentistry
  4. Naiktari, Ritam S., Pratima Gaonkar, Abhijit N. Gurav, and Sujeet V. Khiste. “A Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate and Compare the Efficacy of Triphala Mouthwash with 0.2% Chlorhexidine in Hospitalized Patients with Periodontal Diseases.” Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science, vol. 44, no. 3, 2014, pp. 134-140. doi:10.5051/jpis.2014.44.3.134.
  5. Ramalingam, Karthikeyan, and Bennett T. Amaechi. “Antimicrobial Effect of Herbal Extract of Acacia Arabica with Triphala on the Biofilm Forming Cariogenic Microorganisms.” Journal of Applied Microbiology, vol. 124, no. 6, 2018, pp. 1474-1481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaim.2018.01.005
  6. Kumari, Sushila and Birendra Prasad. “Antimicrobial Efficacy of Herbal Formulation Triphala and Manuka Honey for Prevention of Dental Plaque.” IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences, vol. 19, no. 10 Ser. 6, Oct. 2020, pp. 1-9. e-ISSN: 2279-0853, p-ISSN: 2279-0861, www.iosrjournals.org, DOI: 10.9790/0853-1910060109
  7. Paulraj J, Nagar P. Antimicrobial Efficacy of Triphala and Propolis-modified Glass Ionomer Cement: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(5):457–462
  8. Ambhore SR, Padhye AM. Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of Triphala gel and chlorhexidine digluconate gel in management of patients with chronic gingivitis: A randomized clinical trial.J Int Oral Health 2020;12:140-144
  9. Penmetsa GS, Vivek B, Bhupathi AP, Sudha Rani P, Subbareddy B V, Ramesh M V. Comparative Evaluation of Triphala, Aloe vera, and chlorhexidine mouthwash on gingivitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial.Contemp Clin Dent 2019;10:333-337
  10. Pratibha Mam Gain, Abhishek Kandwal, and Ravindra K. Mam Gain. “Comparative Evaluation of Triphala and Ela Decoction With 0.2% Chlorhexidine as Mouthwash in the Treatment of Plaque-Induced Gingivitis and Halitosis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.” Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine, vol. 22, no. 3, 2017, pp. 468-472. DOI: 10.1177/2156587216679532.
  11. Shaeesta Khaleelahmed Bhavikatti, Rishi Dhamija, and MLV Prabhuji. “TRIPHALA: ENVISIONING ITS ROLE IN DENTISTRY.” Journal (unnamed), vol. 0, no. 0, 2015, pp. 0-0. doi: 10.7897/2230-8407.06667
  12. Deswal, Himanshu, Yogender Singh, H.S. Grover, Amit Bhardwaj, and Shalu Verma. “Curative Effect of Triphala in Medical and Dental Sciences: A Scientific Review.” Journal of Dental Science and Research, vol. 4, no. 2, 2016, pp. N. pag. ISSN 2347-5544
  13. Baratakke SU, Raju R, Kadanakuppe S, Savanur NR, Gubbihal R, Kousalaya PS. Efficacy of triphala extract and chlorhexidine mouth rinse against plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation among female undergraduates: A randomized controlled trial.Indian J Dent Res 2017;28:49-54
  14. Yandeti Srinivasulu, Subhashini Ramasubbu, Abdul Wahab, efficacy of Triphala Extract Mouth Rinse AGAINST Plaque Accumulation and Gingival Inflammation after Impacted Third Molar Surgery, J Res Med Dent Sci, 2021, 9(8): 228-231
  15. Kumar, Gunjan, Md. Jalaluddin, Purnendu Rout, Rajat Mohanty, and C.L. Dileep. “Emerging Trends of Herbal Care in Dentistry.” Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, vol. 7, no. 8, Aug. 2013, pp. 1827-1829
  16. Mohammed Irfan, Santosh Kumar, Viraj Amin, and Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez. “Evaluation of the Efficacy of Triphala Mouth Rinse as Coadjuvant in the Treatment of Chronic Generalized Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.” Mouth and Teeth, vol. 1, no. 1, 2017, doi: 10.15761/MTJ.1000103, 1-6
  17. Ramesh, Asha, Sheeja Saji Varghese, Jayakumar Nadathur Doraiswamy, and Sankari Malaiappan. “Herbs as an Antioxidant Arsenal for Periodontal Diseases.” Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology, vol. 5, no. 1, 2016
  18. Jignesh Tate, Dr. Varsha Jadhav, Dr. Prashanth Shetty, Dr. Prajakta Vhatkar Dr. PreetiPardeshi and Dr. Shrawani Chouhan. 2019. “Local Delivery of triphala in a gel form as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinica Trial.”, International Journal of Current Research, 11, (04),3391-3394
  19. Noorul Aneesa N and Arvina Rajasekar. “PHYTOTHERAPY: AN ALTERNATE MEDICINE FOR PERIODONTITIS.” International Journal of Scientific Development and Research, vol. 6, no. 4, April 2021, ISSN: 2455-2631
  20. Ning, Wanchen, Simin Li, Jokyab Tsering, Yihong Ma, Honghong Li, Yuezhu Ma, Anthony Chukwunonso Ogbuehi, Hongying Pan, Hanluo Li, Shaonan Hu, Xiangqiong Liu, Yupei Deng, Jianlin Zhang, and Xianda Hu. “Protective Effect of Triphala against Oxidative Stress-Induced Neurotoxicity.” BioMed Research International, vol. 2021, article ID 6674988, 11 pages, https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6674988
  21. Prakash, Shobha, and Anup U. Shelke. “Role of Triphala in Dentistry.” Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology, vol. 18, no. 2, Mar-Apr 2014, pp. 132-135. doi: 10.4103/0972-124X.131299
  22. Maurya, D. K., Mittal, N., Sharma, K. R., & Nath, G. (1997, October). Role of Triphala in the Management of Periodontal Disease. Ancient Science of Life, 17(2), 120-127
  23. Bhuvaneswari, M., Chaly Elizabeth, Preetha, and J. E. Nijesh. “Role of Triphala Mouthwash in Gingivitis and Periodontitis: A Narrative Review.” ISSN 2515-8260, vol. 07, no. 09, 2020
  24. Lourenço, Ruth, James Samuel, and Lois James Samuel. “The Invaluable Role of Phytotherapeutic Agents in the Adjunctive Treatment of Periodontal Disease.” International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, vol. 10, no. 9, Sept. 2020, www.ijhsr.org/Review Article. ISSN: 2249-9571
  25. Peterson, Christine Tara, Kate Denniston, and Deepak Chopra. “Therapeutic Uses of Triphala in Ayurvedic Medicine.” The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, vol. 23, no. 8, 2017, pp. 607-614. Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., doi:10.1089/acm.2017.0083.
  26. Apoorva, SM, Vinaya Shree MP, Suchetha A, Latha G, Sapna N, and Divya Bhat. “To Compare the Effect of Triphala Gel Formulation and Cinnamomum Gel Formulation on Gingivitis – A Clinical Study.” International Journal of Advanced Dental Sciences, vol. 1, no. 4, 2015, pp. 136-140. ISSN Print: 2394-7489; ISSN Online: 2394-7497.
  27. Mahajan, Kajal, Asha Prabhu, Nupur Sah, Karthik Balasubramanian, and Eshani Yeragi. “TRIPHALA- A BOON TO DENTISTRY.” International Journal of Research Studies in Dentistry, vol. 1, no. 1, 2019, doi: 10.24327/ijrsr.2019.1010.4153.
  28. Prabu D, Sindhu R. Triphala and its efficacy in treating gingival diseases: A systematic review .J Int Oral Health 2018;10:267-271
  29. Sruthi K Nair and Shivaprasad BM. “Triphala: a miracle herb in the field of dentistry.” Journal Name, vol. 9, no. 1, 2018
  30. Sheetal Mujoo, Alok Dubey, Abeer Almashraqi, and Sameena Parveen. “Triphala: Is it a Competent Guardian Against Oral Pathogens – An In Vitro Study.” College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia, n.d. E-mail: [email protected].
  31. Zaveri, Harshil, Vandana Rathva, Ankit Sant, and Deepak Dave. “Triphala: An Alternative Therapy in Periodontics – A Critical Review.” J. Clin. Periodontol. Implant Dent., vol. 16, no. 1, Jan. 2016, pp. 1-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.20936/jcpid/160102
  32. Ummey Salma, Antara Sinha, Neelu Farhath Abdulla Basha, Atiqulla Shariff. Triphala: the mystical herb and its role in dentistry. International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research 2020;7(5):E17-E21
  33. Malviya, Nishi, Nilima Thosar, Nilesh Rathi, Monika Khubchandani, and V. G. Meshram. “Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Triphala Oral Spray in Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment- A Randomized Clinical Trial.” Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, vol. 33, no. 60B, 2021, pp. 24-29. DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i60B34581.

 

Curcumin

  1. Ravishankar PL, Kumar YP, Anila EN, Chakraborty P, Malakar M, Mahalakshmi R. Effect of local application of curcumin and ornidazole gel in chronic periodontitis patients. Int J Pharma Investig 2017;7:188-92.
  2. Elburki, M. S., Rossa Jr, C., Guimarães-Stabili, M. R., Lee, H. M., Curylofo-Zotti, F. A., Johnson, F., & Golub, L. M. (2017). A chemically modified curcumin (CMC 2.24) inhibits nuclear factor κB activation and inflammatory bone loss in murine models of LPS-induced experimental periodontitis and diabetes-associated natural periodontitis. Inflammation, 40(4), 1436. doi:10.1007/s10753-017-0587-4
  3. Rasika S. Bomdyal, Mona U. Shah, Yogesh S. Doshi, Vidhi A. Shah, and Supriya P. Khirade. “Antibacterial activity of curcumin (turmeric) against periopathogens – An in vitro evaluation.” Journal of Advanced Clinical & Research Insights, vol. 4, 2017, pp. 175–180. doi: 10.15713/ins.jcri.188.
  4. Sanket Platia, Aditi Khanna. Assessment of efficiacy 0.12% chlorhexidine and tumeric as subgingival irrigants in patients of chrnoic periodoniitis: a comparative study. International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research 2016;3(12):3520-3524
  5. Singh V
  6. , Pathak AK, Pal M, Sareen S, Goel K. Comparative evaluation of topical application of turmeric gel and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate gel in prevention of gingivitis.Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2015;6:67-71
  7. Kandwal A, Mamgain RK, Mamgain P. Comparative evaluation of turmeric gel with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate gel for treatment of plaque induced gingivitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial.AYU 2015;36:145-150
  8. Guru SR, Reddy KA, Rao RJ, Padmanabhan S, Guru R, Srinivasa TS.Comparative evaluation of 2% turmeric extract with nanocarrier and 1% chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in patients with chronic periodontitis: A pilot randomized controlled clinical trial. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2020;24:244-52
  9. Nagunuri, Divya, GA Babitha, and Shobha Prakash. “Comparative Evaluation of 0.1% Turmeric Mouthwash with 0.2% Chlorhexidine Gluconate in Prevention of Plaque and Gingivitis: A Clinical Study.” Journal of Conservative Dentistry, vol. X, no. X, 20XX, pp. X-X.
  10. Singh S, Kumar BD, Verma SK, Kumari P, Singh N. Comparative evaluation of anti-inflammatory efficacy of turmeric and chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of gingivitis. J Pharm Bioall Sci 2021;13:S679-83
  11. Sangwan, Nitin, C.S Baiju, Sumidha Bansal, Gunjan Gupta, and Sunny Mavi. “Comparative Evaluation of Effect of Locally Delivered Aloe Vera Gel With Turmeric Gel As An Adjunct To Scaling And Root Planing in The Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Clinical Study.” IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences, vol. 16, no. 8, Aug. 2017, pp. 78-83, DOI: 10.9790/0853-1608117883.
  12. Waghmare PF, Chaudhari AU, Karhadkar VM, Jamkhande AS. Comparative Evaluation of Turmeric and Chlorhexidine Gluconate Mouthwash in Prevention of Plaque Formation and Gingivitis: A Clinical and Microbiological Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(4): 221-224
  13. “Curcumin.” Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, 2005, linus.oregonstate.edu/subjects/curcumin. Updated by Victoria J. Drake, Ph.D. in 2009 and Barbara Delage, Ph.D. in 2016. Reviewed by Lynne Howells, Ph.D. in 2016.
  14. S. Grover, Himanshu Deswal, Amit Bhardwaj, “Curcumin: A medicinal plant and its effects in medicine and dentistry,” Int J Contemp Dent Med Rev, vol. 2015 Article ID: 090115, 2015. doi: 10.15713/ins.ijcdmr.58
  15. Bhatia M, Urolagin SS, Pentyala KB, Urolagin SB, Menaka KB, Bhoi S. Novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of periodontitis by curcumin. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014;8(12):ZC65-ZC69
  16. Asteriou, E., Gkoutzourelas, A., Mavropoulos, A., Katsiari, C., Sakkas, L. I., & Bogdanos, D. P. (2018). Curcumin for the Management of Periodontitis and Early ACPA-Positive Rheumatoid Arthritis: Killing Two Birds with One Stone. Nutrients, 10(7), 857. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10070857
  17. Yang, Y.X.; Wu, V.; Malak, H.; Ahamed, A.P.; Lo, A.; Abraham, Y.; Miller, C. Effect of Turmeric Concentrations on the Rate of Growth of Oral Bacteria—An In-Vitro Study. Dent. J. 2021,9, 26. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj9030026
  18. Borges, J. S., Paranhos, L. R., Souza, G. L., Matos, F. de S., Bernardino, I. de M., Moura, C. C. G., & Soares, P. B. F. (2020). Does systemic oral administration of curcumin effectively reduce alveolar bone loss associated with periodontal disease? A systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical in vivo studies. Journal of Functional Foods, 75, 104226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2020.104226
  19. Shyamala Naidu andDr. Anand Suresh,2018.“Effects of turmeric (curcuma Longa) in dentistry”, InternationalJournalofDevelopmentResearch,8,(07),21828-21831
  20. Nagasri, M., Madhulatha, S. V. V., Musaliah, S., Aravind Kumar, P., Murali Krishna, C. H., & Mohan Kumar. (2015). Efficacy of curcumin as an adjunct to scaling and root planning in chronic periodontitis patients: A clinical and microbiological study. Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences, 7(Suppl 2), 554-558. doi:10.4103/0975-7406.163537. PMCID: PMC4606658. PMID: 26539916.
  21. Mohammad, Chenar Anwar. “Efficacy of Curcumin Gel on Zinc, Magnesium, Copper, IL-1β, and TNF-α in Chronic Periodontitis Patients.” Journal of Dental Research, vol. 2020, Article ID 8850926, 11 pages, 2020, doi:10.0055/2020/8850926.
  22. Dhimole, Pranjali, et al. “Evaluation of the efficacy of neem (Azadirachta indica) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) as storage media in maintaining periodontal ligament cell viability: An in vitro study.” J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent, vol. 37, no. 2, 2019, pp. 140-145.
  23. Zambrano, Laura M. G., Dayane A. Brandao, Fernanda R. G. Rocha, Raquel P. Marsiglio, Ieda B. Longo, Fernando L. Primo, Antonio C. Tedesco, Morgana R. Guimaraes-Stabili, and Carlos Rossa Junior. “Local Administration of Curcumin-Loaded Nanoparticles Effectively Inhibits Inflammation and Bone Resorption Associated with Experimental Periodontal Disease.” Scientific Reports, vol. 8, no. 6652, 2018, doi:10.1038/s41598-018-24866-2.
  24. Malekzadeh, Meisam, Seyed Javad Kia, Leila Mashaei, Mahdieh-Sadat Moosavi, and Mahdieh-Sadat Moosavi. “Oral Nano-Curcumin on Gingival Inflammation in Patients with Gingivitis and Mild Periodontitis.” Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, vol. 7, 2021, pp. 78-84. doi:10.1002/cre2.330.
  25. Nagpal, Monika, and Shaveta Sood. “Role of curcumin in systemic and oral health: An overview.” Journal of Natural Science, Biology and Medicine, vol. 4, no. 1, 2013, doi:10.4103/0976-9668.107253.
  26. Harshan, Parvathy, Lubna Fathima, Prabu, Sunayana Manipal, Rajmohan, and Bharathwaj. “Systematic Review on Effectiveness of Curcumin in Treatment of Periodontitis.” Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, vol. 11, no. 9, 2019, pp. 3174-3180.
  27. Correa, M. G., Pires, P. R., Ribeiro, F. V., Pimentel, S. P., Casarin, R. C. V., Cirano, F. R., Tenenbaum, H., & Casati, M. Z. (2016). Systemic treatment with resveratrol and/or curcumin reduces the progression of experimental periodontitis in rats. Journal of Periodontal Research, doi:10.1111/jre.12382
  28. Susanto, Agus, et al. “The Effect of 2% White Turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria) Gel as Adjunctive Therapy of Scaling and Root Planing Treatment towards the Interleukin 6 Level in Chronic Periodontitis.” International Journal of ChemTech Research, vol. 11, no. 08, pp. 182-187, 2018. CODEN (USA): IJCRGG, ISSN: 0974-4290, ISSN (Online): 2455-9555, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.20902/IJCTR.2018.1108.
  29. Jaleel, Saja Malik, and Maha Sh. Mahmood. “The Effect of Curcumin (Turmeric) on Oral and Periodontal Diseases.” International Journal of Science and Research, vol. 6, no. 10, Oct. 2017, www.ijsr.net. ISSN (Online): 2319-7064. Index Copernicus Value (2015): 78.96. Impact Factor (2015): 6.391.
  30. Mackay, M. The role of turmeric (curcumin) in gingival health. BDJ Team 8, 14–15 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41407-021-0708-7
  31. Aryati, Meizarini A, Riawan W, Puteri A, Kuntari S. The effects of different durations of zinc xide–Turmeric dressing application on wound toward neovascularization and expression of acrophage marker antibody and Cyclooxygenase-2: AnIn vivo study .J Int Oral Health 2019;11:122-126
  32. Harshan, Parvathy, et al. “Systematic Review on Effectiveness of Curcumin in Treatment of Periodontitis.” Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, vol. 11, no. 9, 2019, pp. 3174-3180. ISSN 0975-1459.
  33. “Turmeric (Curcuma longa).” P.O. Box 144345 Austin, TX 78714-4345, 512.926.4900, 512.926.2345, www.herbalgram.org, 31 Jan. 2012. “Turmeric Gel Is an Effective Component in Adjunct Periodontitis Treatment.” Chronic Periodontitis HC 091135-441. Mariann Garner-Wizard, Shari Henson, Amy Keller, PhD, David Levine, Heather S Oliff, PhD, Risa Schulman, PhD, Mark Blumenthal, Lori Glenn, Dennis Awang, PhD, Thomas Brendler, Francis Brinker, ND, Mark Dreher, Steven Foster, and Tamarind Reaves, Executive and Managing Editors and Consulting and Assistant Editors.
  34. Jacob, PS, Nath, S, and Sultan, OS. “Use of Curcumin in Periodontal Inflammation.” Interdiscip J Microinflammation, vol. 1, no. 2, 2014, 1000114. Hybrid open access journal, ISSN:ijm IJM. Published October 08, 2014.

Honey

  1. Aparna, S., Srirangarajan, S., Malgi, V., Setlur, K. P., Shashidhar, R., Setty, S., & Thakur, S. (2012). A comparative evaluation of the antibacterial efficacy of honey in vitro and antiplaque efficacy in a 4-day plaque regrowth model in vivo: preliminary results. Journal of Periodontology, 83(9), doi: 10.1902/jop.2012.110461.
  2. Schmidlin, Patrick R., Helen English, Warwick Duncan, Georgios N. Belibasakis, and Thomas Thurnheer. “Antibacterial potential of Manuka honey against three oral bacteria in vitro.” Swiss Dental Journal, vol. 124, no. 9, 2014, pp. 922-924
  3. Hbibi, Abdelhadi, Khadija Sikkou, Khadija Khedid, Sakina El Hamzaoui, Amal Bouziane, and Driss Benazza. “Antimicrobial activity of honey in periodontal disease: a systematic review.” J Antimicrob Chemother, vol. 75, 2020, pp. 807–826. doi:10.1093/jac/dkz527.
  4. Mathai K, Anand S, Aravind A, Dinatius P, Krishnan AV, Mathai M. Antimicrobial Effect of Ginger, Garlic, Honey, and Lemon Extracts on Streptococcus mutans. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(11):1004-1008
  5. Ahuja, Annpurna and Ahuja, Vipin. “A therapy-sweet approach to dental diseases-Part I: Honey.” Journal of Advanced Dental Research, vol. I, issue October 2010.
  6. Singh, Nupoor, Priti Charde, and ML Bhongade. “Comparative Evaluation between Honey and Chlorhexidine Gluconate on the Dental Plaque Levels and Gingival Health.” Journal of Dental Research, vol. 25, no. 4, Apr. 2016, pp. 215-219
  7. Singh, Nupoor, Priti Charde, and ML Bhongade. “Comparative Evaluation between Honey and Chlorhexidine Gluconate on the Dental Plaque Levels and Gingival Health.” Journal of Advanced Dental Research, vol. 1, no. 1, 2016, pp. 1-7.
  8. Dadawala, Sarvagna M., Rahul Dave, Monali Shah, and Deepak Dave. “Comparative Evaluation of Anti-Microbial Efficacy of Manuka Honey and Chlorhexidine on Red, Orange and Green Complex of Periodontal Pathogens: An In-Vitro Study.” Journal of Advanced Dental Research, vol. 1, no. 1, 2016, pp. 1-7.
  9. Atwa, AL-Dany A., Ramadan Y. AbuShahba, Marwa Mostafa, Mohamed I. Hashem, and *Mohamed I. Hashem. “Effect of Honey in Preventing Gingivitis and Dental Caries in Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment.” The Saudi Dental Journal, vol. 26, 2014, pp. 108-114.
  10. Jain, Ankita, Pradeep Tangade, Priyanka Yadav, Anamika Gupta, Vikas Singh, and Devendra Singhal. “Effect of Honey, Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Combination of Xylitol and Chlorhexidine Gluconate on Gingival Health – 4 Weeks Randomized Control Trial.” Teerthankar Mahaveer Dental Journal, vol. 5, no. 4, October-December, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Teerthankar Mahaveer Dental College & Research Centre, Moradabad; Department of Public Health Dentistry, R Ahmad Dental College, Kolkata; Department of Periodontology, Teerthankar Mahaveer Dental College & Research Centre, Moradabad, TMU J Dent, 2015
  11. Sushila Kumari and Birendra Prasad. “Effect of Manuka Honey against Dental Plaque of School Children.” IOSR Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, vol. 6, no. 5, 2020, pp. 44-51. DOI: 10.9790/264X-060544-51
  12. Jain, Ankita, Pradeep Tangade, Priyanka Yadav, Anamika Gupta, Vikas Singh, and Devendra Singhal. “Effect of Honey, Chlorhexidine Gluconate, and Combination of Xylitol and Chlorhexidine Gluconate on Gingival Health—4 Weeks Randomized Control Trial.” IOSR Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, vol. 6, no. 5, 2020, pp. 44-51, doi:10.9790/264X-0605-4451.
  13. Kumari, Sushila, and Birendra Prasad. “Effect of Manuka Honey against Dental Plaque of School Children.” IOSR Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, vol. 6, no. 5, 2020, pp. 44-51, doi:10.9790/264X-06054451.
  14. Atwa, AL-Dany A., Ramadan Y. AbuShahba, Marwa Mostafa, Mohamed I. Hashem, and Dental Biomaterial Department. “Effect of Honey in Preventing Gingivitis and Dental Caries in Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment.” The Saudi Dental Journal, vol. 26, 2014, pp. 108-114
  15. Singhal R, Siddibhavi M, Sankeshwari R, Patil P, Jalihal S, Ankola A. Effectiveness of three mouthwashes – Manuka honey, Raw honey, and Chlorhexidine on plaque and gingival scores of 12–15-year-old school children: A randomized controlled field trial. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2018;22:34-9
  16. Sheth PP, Lolayekar NV, Hegde AM, et al. Evaluation of Periodontal Ligament Cell Viability in Honey as a Storage Media at Different Time Intervals: An In Vitro Study. World J Dent 2020;11(4):310–315
  17. Sigrun Eick, Gesine Schäfer, Jakub Kwieciński, Julia Atrott, Thomas Henle, and Wolfgang Pfister. “Honey- a Potential Agent against Porphyromonas gingivalis: An In vitro Study.” BMC Oral Health, vol. 14, 2014, http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6831/14/24.
  18. Agraja Patil, Swapna Mahale, Chaitanya Joshi, Prerna Karde, Prutha Vaidya. Honey as a potential antimicrobial agent against P. gingivalis. International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research 2016;3(9):2697-2700
  19. Bshir, Ayesha, Shazia Naz, Kashif Adnan, and Babra Marium Anwari. “Honey as Complementary and Alternative Medicament in Pulpotomy of Permanent Teeth.” International Clinical Pathology Journal, vol. 3, no. 2, 2016
  20. Eick, Sigrun, Gesine Schäfer, Jakub Kwieciński, Julia Atrott, Thomas Henle, and Wolfgang Pfister. “Honey-A Potential Agent Against Porphyromonas Gingivalis: An In Vitro Study.” BMC Oral Health, vol. 14, no. 24, 2014, biomedcentral.com/1472-6831/14/24.
  21. Ahmad, Sarim, Seema Sharma, and Shamim Ahmad. “Honey: A Natural Remedy in Dental and Oral Diseases.” International Journal of Dental and Medical Research, vol. 1, no. 1, Jan. 2018, doi: 10.18203/2349-2902.ijdmr010125
  22. Ibrahim, M. A. ., Berahim, Z.,Ahmad, A., & Taib, H. (2021). Theeffect of locally deliveredTualang honey on healing ofperiodontal tissues during non-surgical periodontal therapy.IIUM Journal of Orofacial andHealth Sciences,2(2),82–92
  23. outinho A. Honeybee propolis extract in periodontal treatment: A clinical and microbiological study of propolis in periodontal treatment.Indian J Dent Res 2012;23:294-294
  24. Habluetzel, Alexandra, Christoph Schmid, Thiago S. Carvalho, Adrian Lussi, and Sigrun Eick. “Impact of Honey on Dental Erosion and Adhesion of Early Bacterial Colonizers.” Scientific Reports, vol. 8, no. 10936, 2018, doi:10.1038/s41598-018-29188-x.
  25. Newadkar UR. Miraculous honey: A sweet and valuable remedy in dentistry!!.SRM J Res Dent Sci 2016;7:132-133
  26. Safii, Syarida H., Geoffrey R. Tompkins, and Warwick J. Duncan. “Periodontal Application of Manuka Honey: Antimicrobial and Demineralising Effects In Vitro.” International Journal of Dentistry, vol. 2017, Article ID 9874535, 8 pages, https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9874535
  27. Curutiu, Carmen, Lia Mara Ditu, Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu, and Alina Maria Holban. “Polyphenols of Honeybee Origin with Applications in Dental Medicine.” Antibiotics, vol. 9, no. 12, 2020, p. 856., doi:10.3390/antibiotics9120856.
  28. Evensky, Joshua A., Martyn S. Green, Sidney H. Stein, Gary L. Bowlin, and Wainscott Hollis. “Regenerative Properties of a Manuka Honey Incorporated Membrane in a Porcine Model.” Open Journal of Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, vol. 1, no. 5, Oct. 2019, doi:10.33552/OJDOH.2019.01.000520.
  29. Alibasyah Z. M, Sunnati S, Saputri D, Alviana V. The Comparison Between Dental Plaque Score Before and After Gargling with Tongra Original Honey 5% Solution (Study of Student in Dentistry of Syiah Kuala University). Biomed Pharmacol J 2018;11(1).
  30. Lau, Yin Yu, Haslina Taib, Zurairah Berahim, Azlina Ahmad, and Siti Lailatul Akmar Zainuddin. “The Effect of Tualang Honey on Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblast Proliferation and Alkaline Phosphatase Level (Kesan Madu Tualang ke atas Percambahan Fibroblas Ligamen Periodontium Manusia dan Paras Enzim Fosfatase Beralkali).”
  31. Dewi, N. M., Indriarizki, S., Indriani, S., Masyitoh, and Auerkari, E. (2010). “The Efficacy of Honey Solution as Plaque Reducing Agent.” Indonesian Journal of Dentistry, vol. 43, no. 2, June 2010

Bromelain

  1. Bromelain inhibits the inflammation and senescence effect in diabetic periodontitis: A preliminary in vitro study, -C. Lu, M.Y. Ng, Y.-W. Liao et al., Bromelain inhibits the inflammation and senescence effect in diabetic periodontitis: A preliminary in vitro study, Journal of Dental Sciences, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jds.2022.09.018
  2. Praveen, N. C., Rajesh, A., Madan, Manish, Chaurasia, Vishwajit Rampratap, Hiremath, Neel V., & Sharma, Akanksha Manmohan. “Antibacterial efficacy of pineapple extract on periodontal pathogens.” Journal of International Oral Health, vol. 6, no. 5, 2014, pp. 96-98.
  3. Silva, Felipe Rodolfo Pereira da, Vasconcelos, Any Carolina Cardoso Guimarães, Alves, Even Herlany Pereira, Júnior, Paulo Vinicius de Oliveira, Oliveira, Jefferson Soares de, & Vasconcelos, Daniel Fernando Pereira. “Bromelain: A potential strategy for the adjuvant treatment of periodontitis.” Dental Hypotheses, 2016.
  4. Pavan, Rajendra, Jain, Sapna, Shraddha, and Ajay Kumar. “Properties and Therapeutic Application of Bromelain: A Review.” Biotechnology Research International, vol. 2012, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2012, doi:10.1155/2012/976203.
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